Speculative Bubble

Dictionary Says

Definition of 'Speculative Bubble'

A spike in asset values within a particular industry, commodity, or asset class. A speculative bubble is usually caused by exaggerated expectations of future growth, price appreciation, or other events that could cause an increase in asset values. This drives trading volumes higher, and as more investors rally around the heightened expectation, buyers outnumber sellers, pushing prices beyond what an objective analysis of intrinsic value would suggest.

The bubble is not completed until prices fall back down to normalized levels; this usually involves a period of steep decline in price during which most investors panic and sell out of their investments. 

May also be referred to as a "price bubble" or "market bubble".
Investopedia Says

Investopedia explains 'Speculative Bubble'

Speculative bubbles have a long history in world markets; the progression of time along with economic advances has not slowed their arrival. In our modern financial markets, speculators can often make profitable bets when speculative bubbles burst by purchasing derivatives or shorting securities directly.  

While each speculative bubble has its own driving factors and variables, most involve a combination of fundamental and psychological forces. In the beginning, attractive fundamentals may drive prices higher, but over time behavioral finance theories suggest that people invest so as to not "miss the boat" on high returns gained by others. When the artificially high prices inevitably fall, most short-term investors are shaken out of the market after which the market can return to being driven by fundamental metrics.  

Related Definitions

  • Bulge

    A fast increase in a security's or commodity's trading price. Bulge is an informal word with a meaning similar to the term bubble. A bulge occurs when an investment instrument's price ...
    Read More »
  • Buoyant

    The term used to describe a commodities market where the prices generally rise with ease when there are considerable signals of strength.
    Read More »
  • Greater Fool Theory

    A theory that states it is possible to make money by buying securities, whether overvalued or not, and later selling them at a profit because there will always be someone (a bigger or ...
    Read More »
    • Inflation Targeting

      A central banking policy that revolves around meeting preset, publicly displayed targets for the annual rate of inflation. The benchmark used for inflation targeting is typically a price ...
      Read More »
    • Sell-Off

      The rapid selling of securities, such as stocks, bonds and commodities. The increase in supply leads to a decline in the value of the security.
      Read More »
    • Bubble Company

      A company whose valuation greatly exceeds that suggested by its fundamentals. The first well-documented bubble company was the South Sea Company, which caused the South Sea Bubble in ...
      Read More »
    • Speculation

      The process of selecting investments with higher risk in order to profit from an anticipated price movement.
      Read More »
    • Intrinsic Value

      1. The actual value of a company or an asset based on an underlying perception of its true value including all aspects of the business, in terms of both tangible and intangible factors. ...
      Read More »
    • Boom

      A period of time during which sales of a product or business activity increases very rapidly. In the stock market, booms are associated with bull markets, whereas busts are associated ...
      Read More »
    • Bubble

      1. An economic cycle characterized by rapid expansion followed by a contraction.2. A surge in equity prices, often more than warranted by the fundamentals and usually in a particular ...
      Read More »

Articles Of Interest

Partner Links